Interaction – Written
| Overall written interactionThis concerns interactive communication through the medium of script, focusing on interpersonal exchange and the transfer of information. | |
|---|---|
| Advanced 2 (Mitkadamim Bet) | Can understand, respond to, and initiate complex engineering-related interactions, check information, and ask about or explain issues with reasonable precision while relating to the ideas of others with attention to register. |
| Advanced 1 (Mitkadmim Aleph) | Can understand, respond to, and initiate semi-structured interactions on straightforward engineering-related matters, check information and ask about or explain issues with reasonable precision while relating to the ideas of others with attention to register. |
| Basic (Besisi) | Can understand, respond to, and initiate brief, structured interactions on popular engineering topics and ask for/provide basic information with attention to register. |
| Pre-Basic(Trom Besisi) | Can understand, respond to, and initiate very brief and fully structured interactions on popular topics and ask for/provide basic information with attention to register. |
| CorrespondenceThis includes correspondence in both personal and formal situations and contexts. | |
| Advanced 2 (Mitkadamim Bet) | Can compose complex engineering-related emails to convey and obtain information required for a particular purpose and respond to and comment on the correspondent’s views, while using appropriate structure and conventions, conveying different degrees of urgency, and demonstrating register awareness. |
| Advanced 1 (Mitkadmim Aleph) | Can compose straightforward engineering-related emails to convey and obtain information required for a particular purpose and respond accurately to the correspondent, while using appropriate structure and conventions, conveying different degrees of urgency, and demonstrating register awareness. |
| Basic (Besisi) | Can compose everyday emails to convey and obtain information required for a particular purpose and respond accurately, according to a provided template. |
| Pre-Basic (Trom Besisi) | Can compose everyday emails to convey and obtain basic and familiar information for a particular purpose and respond accurately, according to a provided template. |
Key concepts operationalized in the scale therefore include the following:
- type of message: from simple, personal messages, to more in-depth personal and professional correspondence
- type of language: from formulaic expressions to emotional, clearly expressed, and in an appropriate tone and style
| Texting/Messaging (Online interaction)This focuses on conversation and discussion online as a multimodal phenomenon, with an emphasis on how interlocutors communicate online to handle both serious issues and social exchanges in an open-ended way. | |
| Advanced 2 (Mitkadamim Bet) | Can understand and respond in real-time to a variety of professional messaging exchanges synchronously (e.g., in Zoom meetings) and asynchronously (e.g., WhatsApp) for a variety of purposes (e.g., discussing a technical feature), with attention to register. |
| Advanced 1(Mitkadmim Aleph) | Can understand and respond to a variety of semi-professional messages synchronously (e.g., in Zoom meetings) and asynchronously (e.g., WhatsApp), for a variety of purposes (e.g., setting up a team meeting), with attention to register. |
| Basic (Besisi) | Can understand and respond to everyday messages synchronously (e.g., in Zoom meetings) and asynchronously (e.g., WhatsApp), for a variety of purposes (e.g., meeting friends) using provided language chunks appropriately and accurately. |
| Pre-Basic (Trom Besisi) | Can understand and respond to basic everyday messages in a familiar setting synchronously (e.g., in Zoom meetings) and asynchronously (e.g., WhatsApp) for a variety of purposes (e.g., meeting friends) using provided language chunks appropriately and accurately. |
Note: Online communication is always mediated through a machine, which implies that it is unlikely ever to be exactly the same as face-to-face interaction. Some requirements for successful online communication are:
- the need for more redundancy in messages
- the need to check that the message has been correctly understood
- ability to reformulate in order to help comprehension and deal with misunderstandings
- ability to handle emotional reactions.
Key concepts operationalized in the scale include the following:
- instances of simultaneous (real-time) and consecutive interaction, the latter allowing time to prepare a draft and/or consult aids
- participation in sustained interaction with one or more interlocutors
- composing posts (e.g., a chat response) and contributions for others to respond to
- reactions to embedded media
- the ability to include symbols, images and other codes to make the message convey tone, stress and prosody, but also the affective/emotional side